Let's look at the main elements of a limited access system that will be needed for installation:
- electromagnetic or electromechanical lock (for example, Polis-1M);
- multi-core six-wire power copper wire (double insulation) with a cross-section of 0.5 sq. mm, if the distance from the calling panel to the intercom is small, you can use a regular twisted pair network cable (four from the video intercom of the calling panel and two power supplies from the UPS to the controller);
- an uninterruptible or backup power supply (UPS), with a battery of a given power, in order to provide a certain period of power without an external home network (for example, SKAT-1200);
- two-core power copper wire (double insulation) with a cross-section of 0.75 sq. mm (UPS power supply);
- two-core power copper wire (double insulation) with a cross-section of 0.5 sq. mm (from the UPS to the intercom);
- a calling panel with a call button, a microphone and a video camera;
- access key reader and, accordingly, the Dallas keys themselves for the reader;
- controller Z-5R;
- video intercom with monochrome or color screen.
The perimeter of the private house is fenced with a fence, and the gate for vehicle entry and the entrance gate are locked from the inside and equipped with an access restriction system. The entrance gate is equipped with a calling panel, a key reader and an electromechanical or electromagnetic lock. The electromagnetic lock must be constantly powered; it holds the gate using electromagnetic forces, therefore, it is more energy dependent.
The controller can be installed in a protective box or waterproof case and serves to control the operation of the lock, allowing you to open it by touching the key to the reader.
The uninterruptible power supply is installed indoors near the electricity input panel with package switches. The electrical wiring will be laid out in this order:
- 4-wire line from the video intercom to the calling panel;
- 2-wire reinforced line to the UPS from a household power supply, 220 volts;
- 2-wire line from the UPS to power the controller, 12 volts;
- 2-wire line from the UPS to power the video intercom, 12 volts.
The video intercom can be installed in any place convenient for you.As an intercom, I used an inexpensive device from the Chinese manufacturer Eplutus EP-2288 with a color display and a call button equipped with a camera and microphone. It has a calling panel with a good resolution camera, housed in a vandal-proof, waterproof housing. There is no audio handset to communicate with the visitor, since this model has a speakerphone. In addition, the video intercom is equipped with two audio-video inputs, thanks to which you can connect an additional two video cameras and increase the overview of the protected area.
The limited access system is used as follows: when you press a button on the calling panel of the fence door of the site, a signal is sent to the video intercom. The video function in the intercom is automatically activated and the microphone is turned on. To remotely open the lock on the entrance gate, just press the intercom button. In addition, the installed controller and Dallas key reader allows you to unlock the lock from outside the protected area using encrypted electronic keys. In this case, with the required level of security of the site, the penetration of unauthorized persons is effectively limited.
To provide power to this system, an uninterruptible power supply was required, delivering a voltage of 12 volts, capable of powering the intercom, controller and electromechanical lock, even in the absence of external power. If your external power supply is turned off, the backup power source will ensure that the entire system runs on battery power for a day or more.
The controller, mounted in a separate housing, is used to ensure the lock operates, the reader operates and the keys are programmed.Connecting all elements to the controller is carried out according to the instructions included in the kit. Using a given algorithm specified in it, it is possible to copy access keys, for example, if it is necessary to expand the circle of people who can enter the territory or if it is lost. Keys for the reader are programmed in any quantity, and you can distribute them to everyone who has access to the territory of the house. The cost of an access key is also low; accordingly, the key can be programmed for all persons who can enter the site unhindered at any time. By the way, don’t worry about the possibility of unwanted guests getting to you, even if they have an access key, for example, if it is lost. You can easily reprogram all keys in a matter of minutes or use a master key to block the opening of the lock with all other keys; one touch to the reader will be enough. This entire system can be equipped with security sensors attached to the controller, which will send a signal to the siren when the door or window is opened.
When installing the entire system, I encountered incorrect operation of the controller and video intercom with an electric lock. After some trial and error, I determined the reason. The voltage supply from the video intercom to the lock and from the key reader are not separated (it’s like two systems working in parallel), in order to separate them it was enough to install simple diodes that pass current only in one direction, allowing it to operate separately.
